Many of us enjoy a good rummage round an antique fair or car boot sale at the weekend whether we are going to buy or to sell.

Collecting antiques and collectables is one of the fast growing past times around and many people have turned it into a profitable sideline or full time business.

Precious metals are real money, the same amount of silver today will exchange for the same amount of good exchanged today!

Silver on the TV and Media

You only have to flick through the TV channels to see how this is on the rise by the popularity of Bargain Hunt, Cash in the Attic, Flog it and others.

As well as TV, don’t forget the huge amount of antiques and collectables traded each day on eBay and other on line auctions.

Silver Hallmarks are the best way to value your metal

The price of gold and silver is at a very high level at the moment, so is popular with most buyers and sellers.
However many people make mistakes when dealing with precious metals and either sell too cheaply or pay too much.

Hallmarks are the key to valuing silver and gold and if you have ever struggled to identify a hallmark – and let’s face it even experts cannot remember all of them, then you need portable expert information at your fingertips.

Silver Hallmarks and how to date silver!

Understanding Gold and Silver Hallmarks is a complete guide to British hallmarks and assay marks that can be downloaded straight to your computer, i phone and mobile device for only £2.99
This e book includes all marks from 1678 right up until the present day and also contains a section on international marks.

It is available in pdf format making it suitable for both computer, i phone, i pod touch and almost any mobile device that will read these industry wide standard formats.

 No need to learn or memorise the hallmarks, just keep the guide handy and check the details before you buy or sell.

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Silver Hallmarks

How to check the carat rate of your gold?

If you are thinking about buying a piece of gold, you have to consider a few points in order to assess the value.

You need to know the scrap value - the daily price of gold fluctuates - and also take the historic or antique value into account.

A valuable piece of gold jewellery, made by Cartier for example with have added value because of the design and craftsmanship of the piece.

So, leaving aside designer or antique jewellery how can you assess the carat (or karat) value of a piece of jewellery?
Especially if it does not have a British hallmark?

Remember that the purity of gold is described in units of 24 and refers to the purity and not the weight (as with gemstones).

Gold is always mixed with a base metal and unless it is fine gold (24cts) the actual gold content of a gold ring may vary a great deal between one and another although they may look the same.

The purest gold contains 24 carats and 1 carat of gold is 1/24. However the markings on gold rarely read 18 ct or 9ct for example and instead a number such as 375 or similar.

You can calculate this number into carat value by multiplying by 1000.
9 carats for example means that the purity of gold is 9/24 or 37.5% gold
Multiply 9/24 by 1000 and you get 375 (meaning 37.5) Gold items marked 375 is 9 carat gold.

It works both ways.



So divide 375 by 24% and you will find the carat value. It shows up as 90 (or 9ct) because the truth is that the 375 number is actually 37.5.

Carat value can tell you a lot about the origins of your gold as well as the value.

• 333 or 8ct means that the item is 33.3% gold content. Predominantly Eastern European. 
• 375 or 9ct. 37.5% gold content.  Mainly of British and commonwealth origin.
• 416 or 10ct.  41.6% gold. USA.
• 500 or 12ct. 50% gold sometimes used in non-British or commonwealth antiques.
• 585 or 14ct. 58.5% gold. Sometimes found in Asian pieces for the export market.
• 625 or 15ct 62.5%. This standard is no longer used but you may find it on vintage pieces pre dating 1935.
• 750 or 18ct. 75% gold and a widely used gold standard.
• 916 or 22ct. 91.6% gold content.
• 999 or 24ct. 99.9% gold content As pure gold as it gets.

Markings to beware of include EP or GP because the P stands for Plate so the gold content is only going to be a few microns thick and added on top of a base metal.

It may have the “look” but not the value. Likewise with rolled gold - an alternative description for gold plate.

You also need to be sure that your piece is not silver with a layer of gold plate so be careful if you come across something that has a number that looks convincing and sounds familiar.

Such as 800, 925 and 950 – very common silver purity numbers.








Buy A Jewellers magnifying Loupe for £6.99

 Gold and silver hallmarks main site

Why is the price of gold so high?

Why is the price of gold so high?

The price of gold is at an all time high and looks set to keep going up.

The simple reason for this is because gold prices always rise at times of uncertainty such as war or economic crisis or depression.

Nobody wants to be left holding paper money and building kites out of their savings.

Keeping a pot of gold buried under the floorboards might seem archaic but in times of economic uncertainty, it might be the safest financial option!

Investors see gold as a stable asset that will hold value when other currencies have become worthless. This creates a greater demand for it and causes the price to rise.

The property market and interest rates of the banks also affect the gold market. Generally when property and real estate prices fall and confidence in the banks is low, the demand for gold and stable commodities rises.














In addition, for the investor, dealing in gold becomes the only game in town guaranteed to get a return.
With the current economic uncertainty, this trend seems unlikely to change. Today the standard used to price gold throughout the world is based on the London Gold Pool and the Gold Fixing.
 
The London Gold Pool was set up in 1961 and is the pooling of gold reserves held by eight central banks in the USA and seven European countries.

The Gold Fix or the Gold Fixing is a twice-daily meeting held by five members of the London Gold Pool, conducted by telephone. It takes place at 10.30 GMT and again at 1500GMT.

The original reason of these daily meetings was to settle contracts and accounts between the members of the Gold Pool. Although this is still the case, the Gold Fixing now sets the price of gold throughout the world

Gold is a unique natural mineral. Because of its high value throughout history, it is estimated that most of the gold ever mined in the World is still in existence and could enter the market at any time. This would have a potentially disastrous affect on the World economy.



gold and silver hallmarks main site

BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Hansons Auctioneers and Valuers – Charles Hanson

http://www.hansonsauctioneers.co.uk/
Hansons Auctioneers and Valuers are featured on The BBC Bargain Hunt series. In case you are not familiar with the show two teams consisting of two members each compete to buy 3 antiques items and sell them for a profit at a general auction.

The auction houses vary from game to game and these blogs catalogue them in order for you to be able to sell or buy at these popular auctions.
(Many now have live online auctions which can be a good way to rest the market).

Hansons Auctioneers and Valuers Ltd,
36 Main Street,
Etwall,
Derbyshire
DE65 6LP
Tel: 01283 733 988
Fax: 01283 733 988

Sale dates:
Hansons hold their principal antique auctions at The Mackworth Hotel, an 18th century red brick Georgian Coaching Inn in Derbyshire but also use five other locations for auctions around the area.



Auction Dates:
http://www.hansonsauctioneers.co.uk/pages/latest-auctions.php

Hansons auctioneers hold specialist auctions for the following items:
Arms, Armour, Militaria and Coins
Books and Printed Material
Ceramics and Glass
Clocks, Watches and Barometers
Collectors Department
Furniture
Jewellery
Pictures
Silver
Stamps and Postal History
Decorative Arts and Modern Design
Textiles, Dolls and Teddy Bears

Auctioneer:
Charles Hanson, Bargain Hunt, auctioneer and director of Hansons Auctioneers and Valuers Ltd holds court and Gavel here. Charles Hanson MRICS began his career at Christies, London in the European Ceramics and Glass Department in 1999. Subsequent employment with fine art auction houses in Cheshire, Nottinghamshire and Staffordshire as a general valuer provided valuable experience.

Hansons hold their auctions at The Mackworth Hotel, an 18th century red brick Georgian Coaching Inn in Derbyshire. This impressive building comprises a large auction show room, good catering and seating for 150 people and parking for up to 300 cars.

Throughout the year it is the venue for international auction sales of antique silver, jewellery, ceramics, glass, pictures, clocks and furniture, specialist collector's items, book, stamp and coin auctions plus the monthly attic sale of Antiques and Decorative items from local estates.
Hansons successfully serves both vendors and buyers with particular attention given to personal service.

BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Golding Young and Thomas Mawer – Colin Young

http://www.goldingyoung.com
Golding Young and Thomas Mawer are featured on The BBC Bargain Hunt series. In case you are not familiar with the show two teams consisting of two members each compete to buy 3 antiques items and sell them for a profit at a general auction.

The auction houses vary from game to game and these blogs catalogue them in order for you to be able to sell or buy at these popular auctions.
(Many now have live online auctions which can be a good way to rest the market).

Golding Young and Thomas Mawer (Colin Young).

Golding Young and Company
Old Wharf Road
Grantham
Lincolnshire
England
NG31 7AA
Tel: 01476 565118

Lincoln office
Thomas Mawer and Son
Dunston House
Portland Street
Lincoln
England
LN5 7NN
Tel: 01522 524984

Sale days:
Dates are usually Mondays to Fridays over many locations, so check dates with the website.

Viewing Times:
Same day viewings and also viewings arranged near the dates of the auctions.
Golding Young and Thomas Mawer also have varied specialist auctions check here for current list:

Golding Young and Thomas Mawer cover:
Collectables
Fine Art
Antiques
Household effects
Valuations
House Clearance

Auctioneers:
Colin Young, (Bargain hunt expert) is a director and one of the Auctioneers at Golding Young and Thomas Mawer



A little History:

Goldings was formed in 1900 by George W Golding, one time Mayor of Grantham, and Louis Millhouse. The multi-discipline practice had the versatility of being Auctioneers, Valuers, Surveyors, Estate Agents, Insurance Brokers and Railway & Shipping Agents.

The partners were joined after the First World War by Albert Baxter and in 1931 by Bernard Millhouse, who became a partner in 1951. Every Saturday Goldings held auctions on the street of Westgate as well as those at the Old Wharf Road Saleroom. By 1966 Bernard Millhouse was sole principal of the firm at its offices at 38 Westgate.

Bernard Millhouse was joined by C Robin Hall in 1969 and became a partner in 1971, followed by Ian J Shaw in 1973 becoming a partner in 1977.

The influence of Robin Hall saw the building of a New Saleroom in Old Wharf Road in 1971 and the Surveying & Estate Agency practice move to 45 High Street in 1977.

In 1987 the business was sold to the Leeds Permanent Building Society and then re-acquired by the partners in 1991.

1989 saw the arrival of a new Saleroom Manager in Colin R Young.

In 1994 Colin Young became Sole Principal of the Auction Department based at the Old Wharf Salerooms, the latter becoming the current Firm - GOLDING YOUNG & CO.

In 2006 Goldings Chartered Surveyors merged with Grantham’s only other remaining long established professional firm of Chartered Surveyors & Estate Agents, Escritt & Barrell (Est. 1860) moving to 24 St Peters Hill.

BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Bamfords Auctioneers Derby James lewis

http://www.bamfords-auctions.co.uk/
Bamfords Auctioneers and Valuers are featured on The BBC Bargain Hunt series. In case you are not familiar with the show two teams consisting of two members each compete to buy 3 antiques items and sell them for a profit at a general auction.

The auction houses vary from game to game and these blogs catalogue them in order for you to be able to sell or buy at these popular auctions.
(Many now have live online auctions which can be a good way to rest the market).


Derby Saleroom and Office Address:
The Derby Auction House
Chequers Road (off Pentagon Island)
Derby
DE21 6EN
Tel: 01332 210000

Matlock Saleroom:
The Old Picture Palace
Dale Road
Matlock
DE4 3LT
Tel: 01629 57460

Sale days:
Dates are set at different dates of the month throughout the year so check dates with the website.

Viewing Times:
The day before sale day 1pm to 7pm and on the Morning of Sale from 9am

Bamfords auctions cover:
Collectables
Fine Art
Antiques
English Pottery
English Porcelain
Glass
Clocks
Household effects
Valuations
Continental Ceramics
Oriental Ceramics
Watercolours
Oils
Prints
Boxes and Objects
Furniture
House Clearance


Bamfords auctions also have varied specialist auctions check here for current list:

Auctioneers:
James Lewis, (Bargain hunt expert) is a director at Bamfords auctioneers and valuers

Bamfords began in 2002 and now we are in the top 15 in the country. James has appeared on the BBC TV shows Flog it! and Cash in the Attic, Bargain Hunt, Antiques Road Trip and more.

Originally reluctant to appear on TV James said when first asked, “No sorry, I can't think of anything worse than appearing on TV, no thank you”. Two weeks later he was made redundant, so James had to write back saying, “Actually do you mind if I just come for a chat?”

The rest as they say is history.



Jackson's Hallmarks: English, Scottish, Irish Silver and Gold Marks from 1300 to the Present Day - Save £1.39 (20%) £5.56 from Amazon

This handy-sized guide is the most accurate and up to date on the market. and has been the bible for for scholars, dealers and collectors, selling in hundreds of thousands.

This edition contains complete cycles of silver marks for all the important Assay Offices, with variations shown for gold, platinum, Britannia Standard, import marks, etc, and has been updated to 1991 to include current assay marks.  See on Amazon UK

dating silver hallmarks

Identify marks on foreign silver part 1

 

A Guide to Foreign Silver part 2

 

 

How to Understand International hallmarks

 

 

Where to sell your gold?

 

 

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BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Philip Serrell Auctioneers and Valuers.

http://www.serrell.com/
Philip Serrell Auctioneers and Valuers are featured on The BBC Bargain Hunt series. In case you are not familiar with the show two teams consisting of two members each compete to buy 3 antiques items and sell them for a profit at a general auction.

The auction houses vary from game to game and these blogs catalogue them in order for you to be able to sell or buy at these popular auctions.
(Many now have live online auctions which can be a good way to rest the market).

Philip Serrell Auctioneers and Valuers
The Malvern Saleroom
Barnards Green Road,
Malvern, WR14 3LW
Tel: 01684 892314
also
Worcester Office
10 College Precincts,
Worcester, WR1 2LG
Tel: 01905 26200

Sale dates:
General auctions usually occur once a month
Fine art and antiques sales occur separately
(All dates are subject to change).
Auctions commence at 10.30am

CATALOGUED SALES OF ANTIQUES & FINE ART
Viewing held on the day before sale: 2pm - 8pm

GENERAL SALES
Viewing held on the day before sale: 2pm - 6pm

General sales, Fine Art and Antiques, specialist sales.



Auctioneers:

Philip Serrell Auctioneers and Valuers have been established as one of Worcestershire’s premier independent auction houses since 1995, and experienced in the area for some 25 years. The Business is owned by Philip Serrell who is fully qualified Chartered Surveyor, the Company being required to comply with the stringent rules of Professional Conduct laid down by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.

The main area of practice covers the whole of Middle England and the Welsh Borders, but whilst most of our work is concentrated locally and regionally.
Philip Serrell Auctioneers and Valuers expertise is requested throughout the country. (Royal Worcester Porcelain for example).

Clients include many leading Banks, Solicitors and various private vendors, together with regular buyers.














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BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Great Western Auctions Glasgow - Anita Manning

BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Great Western Auctions Glasgow.

http://www.greatwesternauctions.com

Great Western Auctions is featured on The BBC Bargain Hunt series. In case you are not familiar with the show two teams consisting of two members each compete to buy 3 antiques items and sell them for a profit at a general auction.

The auction houses vary from game to game and these blogs catalogue them in order for you to be able to sell or buy at these popular auctions.
(Many now have live online auctions which can be a good way to rest the market).

Great Western Auctions
The Great Western auctions Ltd (Anita Manning)
Great Western Auctions
1291 Dumbarton Road
Whiteinch
Glasgow
G14 9UY
Tel: 0141 954 1500
(All enquiries including free valuations)

Sale dates:
Auctions occur every two weeks:
Auctions commence at 10.00am
Viewing Friday prior to auction 10am to 6pm and on the morning of the sale from 9am

Quarterly Fine Art and Antiques Auction
Auctions commence at 10.00am
Viewing for Fine Art and Antique Auctions on the Thursday 10am-5pm and Friday 10am to 6pm prior to auction and the morning of the auction from 9am.

Auctions Cover:
Every two weeks, Great Western Auctions have sales of antique and collectible auctions consisting of:
jewellery, gold coins, silver, silver plate, ceramics, porcelain, glass, decorative arts, metal ware, clocks, barometers, sports memorabilia, medals, militaria, stamps, toys, collectors items, musical and scientific instruments, works of art, textiles, oil paintings, watercolours and pencil signed prints, rugs, carpets, 20th century design, Antique, Victorian and Edwardian furniture.



Autioneers:
The Great Western Auctions Ltd was established in 1988 by Bargain Hunt Expert Anita Manning.

Established in 1988 in Glasgow by one of Scotland's first woman auctioneers - Anita Manning. Great Western Auctions are one of Scotland’s premier independent auction houses and combine traditional values with up to date technology and marketing.

Great Western Auctions features on Flog It!, Bargain Hunt & Cash in the Attic.

Anita Manning can be seen regularly as on screen expert, on the BBC’s Flog It! with Paul Martin and Bargain Hunt with Tim Wonnacott.

BBC Bargain Hunt auction house Bellmans Autioneers West Sussex Jonathan Pratt

http://www.bellmans.co.uk/
 

Bellmans Auctioneers is featured on The BBC Bargain Hunt series. In case you are not familiar with the show two teams consisting of two members each compete to buy 3 antiques items and sell them for a profit at a general auction.

The auction houses vary from game to game, so these pages catalogue them in order for you so you will to be able to sell or buy items at these popular auctions.
(Many now have live online auctions which can be a good way to rest the market).

Bellmans Auctioneers
New Pound
Wisborough Green
Billingshurst
West Sussex
RH14 0AZ

Tel: 01403 700858

Sale dates:
Auctions occur 3 times a month and are usually on:
Wednesday:
12:00pm, 2:00pm
Thursday:
10:00am, 2:00pm
Friday: 10:00am

Auction dates are set at different times of the month throughout the year so check dates with the website.
An extra auction is often held once a month dealing with Aniquarian Books.

Bellmans auctions cover:
Oil Paintings, Watercolours & Prints.
English & Continental Ceramics & Glass.
Oriental Ceramics & Eastern Works of Art.
Jewellery & Watches.
Silver, Plate & Objects of Vertu.
English & Continental Furniture & Works of Art.
Clocks, Scientific Instruments and Cameras.
Carpets, Rugs & Textiles.
Antiquarian & Modern Books.
Toys, Dolls and Collectors items.
Postcards, Cigarette Cards and Printed Ephemera.



Autioneers:
Bellmans Managing Director and Bargain Hunt Expert Johnathan Pratt holds court and gavel here.

Jonathan has run Bellmans which is based at Wisborough Green, near Billingshurst, for the past five years. They handle sales totalling between £2million to £3million a year.

They hold at least 11 sales a year, each running over three days with up to 2,000 lots. They also hold at least four specialist book sales. Values achieved range from £40 collectables up to artworks running into thousands of pounds.

How to buy Silver Cutlery

Whether you want to display your wealth or simply show off your good taste, nothing impresses your dinner guests more than an attractive dining table laid with matching plates and silver cutlery.

Stylish entertaining never goes out of fashion and today dinner parties are more popular than ever and are enjoyed by just about everyone.
You only have to look at the TV show Come Dine With Me to see that;

Staying in and having dinner parties is the new going out! 

For this reason, many people are smartening up their tableware and good quality silver cutlery is back in fashion.

So what type should you buy?

You can choose between silver or silver plate cutlery and whether to buy new, antique, or second hand. If you decide to buy new silver cutlery the value will depreciate the moment you buy it, and only rise later when it has some age! However buying antique or second hand silver cutlery will only rise in value and could cost you much less than buying new.

See more about gold and silver

Sterling silver holds its value much better than silver plate but may initially be more affordable.

A full canteen of cutlery consists of 12 place settings complete with the correct knives, forks and spoons. You can also find double canteens of 24 place settings and a half canteen of only six settings.
Check out antique fairs and auction sites to find the best second hand bargains. Often you can find good quality sterling silver cutlery canteens on sale for very reasonable prices. Check for tarnishing before you buy and always check the age of your set by the hallmark.



If you look after your silver cutlery, it will last several lifetimes. Remember to keep your silverware dry and as air tight as possible to avoid tarnish and always wash up by hand rather than in the dishwasher. This will maintain the good appearance of your silver cutlery and keep it looking good each time you bring it to the table.

How to understand the silver market?

Silver has been a valuable hedge for wealth for a very long time. As a trading source it has been used for longer then gold.
Silver is used in many industries and has a strong impact on its value.

Supply and demand control its market value, so for example when silver was used in photographic development the need for silver was high.
More recently the proliferation of digital cameras has reduced the demand for silver and the price dropped with this.

Silver can be a volatile market and for two hundred years it remained of stable value.
In the early 1970s it started to rise and several attempts were made to corner the market. These have involved buying up a large proportion of the silver and reacting to the price rise.

One attempt was successful up to the point that India released its huge store of silver jewellery onto the market causing the rapidly rising silver prices to drop quickly.

A second try was made by Warren Buffet who bought literally millions of ounces of silver. This caused a huge rush of silver buying and the price rose rapidly. At this point Warren Buffet sold all his silver stock and has never entered the market again.

Whether this was real or trickery, the volatility of the silver market is shown clearly!

Over all prices for silver have continued to rise from 2003 and successful investors seem to like silver. The safe long term value of silver looks assured and silver has taken on some of this from the perceived long term safeness of gold.

See more about gold and silver

Choices for investing are growing. With mutual funds, exchange traded funds, certificates, options, silver bars and broker organised buying plans.

And just in case you forgot there is always silver jewellery. This can be worn and used so even if the price isn't what you would have liked its still pretty useful.

How to buy Silver Bullion on eBay

from Gold and Silver Hallmarks

Silver metal in its bulk form is known as bullion. Silver Bullion is traded on the commodity markets. Bullion metals may be cast into ingots, or minted into coins. The defining attribute of bullion is that it is valued by its mass and purity rather than by a face value like money.

Buying silver bullion on eBay can be difficult but, if the price is right Bullion coins and bars are often quite attractive and fun to collect just as hobby and conversation pieces. Some simple wisdom may help you to be aware of some of the problems when purchasing silver bullion.

In the UK, new silver bullion is subject to VAT which does remove some of its investment potential. Second hand silver does not and eBay is a good place to buy this. If you want to buy large amounts of silver bullion then eBay is not the best place to do this because the mark-up is usually quite large, although you can find bargains.

In terms of investment, 1oz silver bullion coins are often considered preferential to silver bars as they can often be picked up cheaper ounce for ounce and also have a numismatic value that may increase over time. Bullion bars are more impressive and can be purchased in larger forms. (Anything from a few grams to about 500oz).

Silver bullion usually comes in three purities;

FINE (.999 or 99.9% silver),
BRITANNIA (.975 or 97.5% silver)
STERLING (.925 or 92.5% silver).
FINE silver is the most expensive.

Bear in mind the market value of silver before purchase (often if the mark-up of a bullion product is greater than 100%), you may be able to find it elsewhere for cheaper- sometimes on another eBay auction. Contrary to popular belief, silver bullion is not difficult to get hold of in the USA; however in the UK there are only a few outlets that will sell silver on a small scale.

Rules to remember when bidding on silver bullion:

1. As with all eBay items, shop around for prices, and bear in mind the current market value of bullion
2. Avoid too-good-to-be-true prices and "Chinese dynasty" type silver brick-bars
3. Stick to well known assayers/refiners, and buy bullion coins if you are interested in long-term investment potential

WARNINGS:
With silver bullion, as well as gold and platinum, if the price seems too good to be true,  
AVOID: In particular, avoid the "Chinese dynasty" silver bars that come up from time to time as it is extremely difficult to prove the authenticity of these bars. Assume fake, or silver plated at best!

To guarantee authenticity, stick to big name assayers/refiners like Credit Suisse, Johnson Matthey, Engelhard, Northwest Territorial Mint, A-Mark, Pamp Suisse etc.

Why Do Silver Rings Turn Your Finger Green?

From Gold and Silver Hallmarks

Have you ever worn a ring, bracelets or earrings that turned your skin green?

If you have, it's because those pieces of jewellery contain copper, a metal commonly mixed with silver and even gold to give the jewellery more strength while using less of the more expensive metals.

Copper reacts with your skin, turning it green or bluish-green after a period of contact.

   

A lot of jewellery sold as silver tone or gold tone is copper or nickel plated with a very thin layer of silver or gold, or even just silver or gold varnish. Perspiration and everyday wear causes this think layer to be worn off, exposing the copper underneath. When the plating is gone, the copper comes into direct contact with your skin.

 

When the copper is exposed to air and your skin, it oxidizes. This means that it begins to break down into microscopic fragments, which then wear off onto your skin as you perspire.

When copper breaks down, it turns green (copper weather vanes and pipes often show signs of green patina, and copper, when exposed to heat, will burn with green smoke). 

The fragments mix with the natural metals, minerals and chemicals of the body and turn green or blueish-green depending on the wearer's particular body chemistry. Removal and prevention

The green stain left by copper jewellery will wear off after a few days, and you can prevent copper jewellery from staining your skin again by asking a jeweller to recoat the jewellery in silver or gold, or even with a thin translucent varnish. NEXT: How to make a silver polish